Tweaking your "D" valve for Reduced Steam Consumption
Steam Happens 27
Scotch Yoke Animation
Click here for my movie showing a Scotch Yoke water pump
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Note that at 50% of travel crankpin is always at 90 degrees to stroke axis
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Note that the longer the stroke the larger the angularity issue
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Note that longer connecting rods tend to lessen angularity issues
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Note that introducing cutoff produces angularity issues that are unequal on the outstroke and return stroke
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Diagram 5: Comparing Scotch Yoke and Connecting Rod Engine for Angularity Error
Note that, unlike the connecting rod engine, the crank motion in a Scotch Yoke engine always produces equal angularity for the down-stroke
and return-stroke
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***************************Tweaking the HasBrouck #1 Engine's "D" valve for Improved Efficiency and Smoother Running.
An Example that will give you some practice before you modify your own engine.
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FIGURE 1
: HasBrouck #1 Steam Chest & D Valve**************************************************************************************************************
FIGURE 2: HasBrouck #1 Original D Valve Dimensions
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FIGURE 3: Crankpin and typical eccentric position
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FIGURE 4: Eccentric position showing typical advance angle
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LET THE TWEAKING BEGIN: The valve design software, Valvegr2.xls, can be found for download at
http://earlmorse.org/steamboa.html
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FIGURE 5
: Inserting HasBrouck's Original Dimensions into Will's Tweaking SoftwareThe original HasBrouck dimensions (in red) replace the original (black) included in the software.
Top value (e.g. admission lap = 0.031) refers to downstroke, the value beneath it (also 0.031) refers
to the return stroke. Note that the original software's advance angle is left at 38 degrees for the
time being.
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FIGURE 6
: This results in an admission of -31 degrees Before TDC. To get the admission to 0 degrees38 is added to the -31 resulting in an advance angle of 7 degrees (see below).
This produces TDC and BDC admissions of 0 degrees.
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FIGURE 7
: Zeroing admission to TDC and BDC shows almost no cut-off in original HasBrouck specs.***********************************************************************************
FIGURE 8
: Adding to the original HasBrouck the lap specs of 0.031 to try a lap of 0.125 inchesbut now the admissions are 23 degrees after TDC and BDC. So we'll add 23 degrees to 7
degrees to bring admissions to TDC and BDC and make the advance angle 30 degrees.
(within the typical advance range of 30 to 38 degrees)
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FIGURE 9
: First tweaking brings cut-offs to the 70-80% range**********************************************************************************
FIGURE 10
: Adding a bit to the advance angle and the laps produces better results, but now the returncut-off is too much.
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FIGURE 11
: Changing the return admission lap to 0.135 inches brings the return cut-off to nearly62% of travel. It turns out that -4 degrees early admission of the return stroke is OK.
Having a -4 to -2 degree early admission on the return stroke makes for an easy starting and
smooth running. This is because a very small amount of piston movement represents a large
amount of rotation at BDC (because of angularity), which effectively gives a large amount of
leverage over the steam force on the piston.
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FIGURE 12
: Visualizing port opening sizes.BTW, Will likes a bit of exhaust lap (0.031 inches in this case) in his engines since it
"cushions" piston direction reversal, quiets slightly worn bearings a bit, and helps reduce
the use of steam in the next incoming charge. Exhaust lap is less important in small engines
and/or engines with sealed ball bearings. It's your call.
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FIGURE 13 HasBrouck #1 Modified Dimensions After Tweaking